The Valgus deformation of the foot is usually the most innate.However, in some cases - with paralysis, injury damage - can appear in the maturity of life.
The main symptoms of pathology are aches and pains in the foot and muscles of the lower legs, a clear violation of the shape of the foot, as well as a change in gait.Diagnosis is done using clinical inspection, x -ray, electromechanical, as well as images.
Treatment includes conservative and surgical methods.However, the appropriate effect is only observed in regenerated activities.
What is this disease?
Valgus deformation is the curvature of the foot, characterized by the flattening of its vertical arch.Typically, the inside of the foot is lowered (drops fall), and the heel pops out.
A person's feet, thanks to his position, under the pressure of the entire mass of the human body.For this reason, it has a special anatomical structure, allowing depreciation, balance and stability of movements.However, an important component to perform these tasks is the correct form of stopping.
Today, the most important issue of trauma and orthopedic is the Valgus deformation of the foot.The meeting was estimated to be 30-58%, of which 2/3 cases formed congenital disorders.
The pathology is mainly social significance, because it includes all age groups of the population, and also helps bend the spine, the early development of osteoarthritis and joint disease of the joints of the lower limbs.
When you take your feet (if you look at them from the back), a deform like X is formed at the ankle level: the ankle contacts, while the heel is at a distance of 5-6 cm from each other.
Typically, congenital diseases and diagnosed in children in the hospital (or immediately after walking).A similar condition is adjusted up to 5 years, then (in case there is no appropriate treatment), a child develops flat foot.
Why does it arise?
It is believed that the main reason for the appearance of the Valgus deformation of the foot is an incomplete function of the posterior tibia muscle or the weakness of the ligament movement.
Today, other factors in the development of pathology are distinguished:
- Innate abnormalities with incorrect position of the feet or shortening tendons (vertical ram bone, short heap tendon);
- Posture disorders when deforming the foot compensation for the curvature of the spine;
- Injury lesions (fractures of the foot, lower legs, hips or knees, broken ligaments and tendons);
- Paralysis (immobile) due to nervous system damage to encephalitis, polyclowitis, stroke, brain melting violations for hernia, etc.;
- Contract (constant spasm) of the lower leg muscles;
- Simultaneous diseases: The pathology of the skeletal system with vitamin D (rickets), diabetes, osteoporosis (reducing bone density), thyroid gland and parathyroid gland weakened, etc.;
- Increase body weight, including rapid weight gain during menopause or during pregnancy.
The development of pathology is also facilitated by the uncomplicated or over -adjustable shoes of the club in childhood.
The level and stage of the disease
The severity of the pathology (the power of the manifestation) is divided by:
- The light with the warehouse height is 1.5-2 cm and the angle of the heel is up to 15 degrees;
- On average, when the arch is flat to centimeter 1 and the angle drops to 10 degrees;
- Heavy at the height of the tunnel up to 0.5 cm and the angle of the heel is 5 degrees.
Depending on the participation of certain structures, the later stages of the curvature are distinguished:
- I - There is no bone deformation, pain is determined on the inner surface of the ankle (in the area that ties the posterior tibia muscle);
- II - Light curvature, heel is a little rejected;
- III - Foots are allocated and deformed is fixed (not correctly adjusted);
- IV - The curvature is observed not only in the feet, but also in the ankle joint.
Symptom
At the first stage, the patient is disturbed due to periodic pain after a long walk or long vertical load (standing or sitting on the feet).As a rule, enhanced pain syndrome when walking in shoes is chosen improperly.
The next stage of the disease is associated with the appearance of the curvature of the foot: the patient in a standing position does not rely on the outer edge of the foot, but with its entire area.A small change in the gait is observed.
In the third phase, the protrusion of the melted bone is determined (significantly lower than the ankle on the inner surface of the ankle), as well as the strong direction of the outer heel (the patient is based on the inner edge of the heel bone).
The advanced Valgus deformation of the foot is characterized by the clear curvature of both feet and ankle joints.The patient complains about the muscles in the lower legs, as well as a significant gait: the knee rubs at each other, while the right foot and the left leg are at a certain distance.
The serious curvature of the foot is often complicated due to the deformation of the spine (scoliosis with different positions of the shoulders and wings of the pelvis), joints (damage to the disc with the formation of Hernia).
How to diagnose?
Diagnosis of the curvature of the foot includes:
- The clinical examination, in which the orthopedic doctor detects the decrease in the arches, the deviation of the heel and the RAM, the Viking's visible disappearance and the protrusion of the inner ankle.
- X -ray - A affordable method and information that you can determine changes in the angles of bone tilt and linear parameters in their relationship.These indicators are necessary for the final diagnosis and clarify the level of deformation.
- Register to determine the exact function state of the expenditure.This method includes registration of the support time of each part of the foot when performing one step.During the study, the stages of the rolling legs were also studied, reflecting the balance of the lower limbs.
- Mobile electricity, recording electrical activity of studies and its dependence on steps.
- PhotopoPlantography with digital processing allows you to get all the standard indicators and determine the type/curvature level with high accuracy.
An additional consultation of a neuroscientist (with spasmodic or paralysis deformation), an endocrinologist (in case of diabetes or thyroid/parathyroid disorders) and gynecologist (when post -modernization) may also be required.If the curvature of the foot appears on the background of osteoporosis, the density is required - researching bone density.
Treatment
Among the main methods to treat Valgus curvature of the foot, conservative and distinguished activities.
Conservative method
This type of help is aimed at eliminating the symptoms of the disease, but does not eliminate the root cause of the disease.
Technology includes:
- The use of orthopedic bases to support bones plus bones, arches, as well as eliminates Valgus lesions in the middle and back of the foot;
- Chewing - Fix the feet and ankles by using special adhesive ribbons with appropriate elasticity.The ice is worn around the clock for 3-5 days, then they are replaced;
- Sewing orthopedic shoes according to personal standards;
- The use of orthopedic and other repair devices on the feet and ankle.
Conservative methods also include physical therapy procedures (ozokerite, paraffin application, electrophoresis, magnetic effect), massage and a complex of physiotherapy exercises, developed for a specific clinical case.
Be careful!Today, most experts prefer surgical treatment, because conservative therapy is ineffective (according to statistics, it is useless in 60% of cases).
Surgical intervention
Its operating volume and type depends on the direct stage of the disease.Therefore, the first degree of Valgus deformation is treated with joint removal surgery (eliminating the tendon shell to adjust the common tension) or bone surgery (dissection) of the heel to return to the exact position in terms of surgery.
In the second stage of the development of the disease, the tendon transplant of the finger is used.Such intervention is usually performed based on the dissection of heel or lobe joint (surgical immobilization of joints between ram and scaphoid bone).
The curvature of the level III requires the formation of some joints of the foot at the same time: no partners, five cups and ram.Three such motionless parts are usually added by dissecting heelbone.
In stage IV of pathology, regeneration activities are necessary not only on the feet, but also on the ankles.In this case, the instability of the ligament apparatus is adjusted by using implants (from their own body or artificial material).The operating volume on the foot is the same as the level of curvature III.
Recovery time
Rehabilitation includes walking without support on the foot of the operation for 2 months.At the same time, patients need to wear plaster can be removed from 1.5 to 3 months.
Active movements in the foot of the foot are recommended to start after 1.5 months after surgery.By the third month, a complicated of strengthening physical education was introduced.However, the patient was later banned from walking and active sports activities.
It is worth noting that the final results of the surgery can be evaluated only six months later.
Prevention measures
Preventing Valgus deformation of the stop includes the following measures:
- Early adjustment of congenital anomalies with the inappropriate arrangement of the bone of the foot or shortening the tendon particles (the bone is soluble, short heel tendons);
- Repair posture disorders (scoliosis, etc.);
- Timely treatment of injury lesions (fractures of the feet, lower legs, thighs or knee joints, broken ligaments and tendons);
- The exact rehabilitation after paralysis (immobile) due to the nervous system damage to encephalitis, polyclowitis, stroke, brain rooting for hernia, etc.;
- Reducing spasms (continuous reduction) of lower leg muscles;
- Treatment for simultaneous diseases: The pathology of the skeletal system with vitamin D (rickets), diabetes, osteoporosis (reducing bone density), weakening function of the thyroid and parathyroid gland, etc.;
- Reduce body weight compared to normal (especially with rapid weight gain during menopause or due to pregnancy);
- Choose orthopedic shoes or use superheroes;
- Moderate repair of the club without treatment by adjustment of Muslims leads to the secondary valgus agreement of the foot.
Preventing the progression of the disease is to use conservative methods and early regeneration activities.In this case, physical activity is limited to prevent the destruction and curvature of the ankle joint.
Remember, timely treatment of Valgus deformation of the foot not only improves the quality of life of the patient, but also prevents the development of osteoarthritis and joints of the knee or hip joint!